理解文化, 是为了更真切地把握生存世界的脉搏。而我们之所以可能理解生存世界, 恰恰源于我们与世界的同构。世界是多义的, 不仅是人类认知造成的信息多义性, 而且是宇宙本体的信息多义性。在多义的世界中, 我们为何还能顺利生存、互相理解? 探索这个问题的答案, 正是人类学民族志实践的使命。在此, 格尔茨(Clifford Geertz) 的吉光片羽浮现于眼前: “not study the village ,but study in the village”; “not generalize across the cases , but generalize within the cases”。(注28)
⑥John R. Bowlin ; Peter G. Stromberg , 1997 , Representation and Reality in the Study of Culture , American Anthropologist , New Series , Vol. 99 , No. 1. pp. 123 - 134.
⑦Sherry B. Ortner ,1984 , Theory in Anthropology since the Sixties , Comparative Studies in Society and History Vol. 26 , No. 1. pp. 126 - 166.
⑧Dan Sperber , 1985 , Anthropology and Psychology : Towards an Epidemiology of Representations , Man , New Series , Vol. 20 , No.1. pp. 73 - 89.
⑨Sherry B. Ortner , 1997 , Introduction , Representations No. 59 , Special Issue : The Fate of “Culture”: Geertz and Beyond. pp. 1 - 13.
注11:Clifford , James , On Ethnographic Authority , Representations , No. 2. pp. 118 - 146.
注12:Rabinow , Paul , 1996 , Essays on the Anthropology of Reason , Princeton : Univ. Press.
注13:Vassos Argyrou , 1999 , Sameness and the Ethnological Will to Meaning , Current Anthropology , Vol. 40 , Supplement : Special Issue : Culture. A Second Chance ? pp. S29 -S41.
注14:George E. Marcus ; James Clifford , 1985 , The Making of Ethnographic Texts : A Preliminary Report , Current Anthropology , Vol. 26 , No. 2. pp. 267 - 271.
注15:George E. Marcus ; James Clifford , 1985 , The Making of Ethnographic Texts : A Preliminary Report , Current Anthropology , Vol. 26 , No. 2. pp. 267 - 271.
注17:Michael H. Agar ,1982 , Toward an Ethnographic Language , American Anthropologist , New Series , Vol. 84 , No. 4. pp. 779 - 795.
注18:Michael H. Agar , 1982 , Toward an Ethnographic Language , American Anthropologist , New Series , Vol. 84 , No. 4. pp. 779 - 795.
注19:Vassos Argyrou , 1999 , Sameness and the Ethnological Will to Meaning , Current Anthropology , Vol. 40 , Supplement : Special Issue :Culture. A Second Chance ? pp. S29 - S41.
注20:Vassos Argyrou , 1999 , Sameness and the Ethnological Will to Meaning , Current Anthropology , Vol. 40 , Supplement : Special Issue : Culture. A Second Chance ? pp. S29 - S41.
注21:John R. Bowlin ; Peter G. Stromberg , 1997 , Representation and Reality in the Study of Culture , American Anthropologist , New Series , Vol. 99 , No. 1. pp. 123 - 134.
注22:John R. Bowlin ; Peter G. Stromberg , 1997 , Representation and Reality in the Study of Culture , American Anthropologist , New Series , Vol. 99 , No. 1. pp. 123 - 134.
注23:John R. Bowlin ; Peter G. Stromberg , 1997 , Representation and Reality in the Study of Culture , American Anthropologist , New Series , Vol. 99 , No. 1. pp. 123 - 134.
注24:John R. Bowlin ; Peter G. Stromberg , 1997 , Representation and Reality in the Study of Culture , American Anthropologist , New Series , Vol. 99 , No. 1. pp.123 - 134.
注25:Vassos Argyrou , 1999 , Sameness and the Ethnological Will to Meaning , Current Anthropology , Vol. 40 , Supplement : Special Issue : Culture. A Second Chance ? pp. S29 - S41.
注26:John R. Bowlin ; Peter G. Stromberg , 1997 , Representation and Reality in the Study of Culture , American Anthropologist , New Series , Vol. 99 , No. 1. pp. 123 - 134.
注27:Sherry B. Ortner , 1997 , Introduction , Representations No. 59 , Special Issue : The Fate of “Culture”: Geertz and Beyond. pp. 1 - 13.
注28:Clifford Geertz ,1973 , The interpretation of cultures. New York : Basic Books.
参考文献:
1. Agar , Michael H. , 1982 , Toward an Ethnographic Language , American Anthropologist , New Series , Vol. 84 , No. 4. pp.
779 - 795.
2. Argyrou , Vassos , 1999 , Sameness and the Ethnological Will to Meaning , Current Anthropology , Vol. 40 , Supplement : Special Issue : Culture. A Second Chance ? pp. S29 - S41.
3. Bowlin , John R ; Peter G. Stromberg , 1997 , Representation and Reality in the Study of Culture , American Anthropologist , New Series , Vol. 99 , No. 1. pp. 123 - 134.
4. Clifford , James , On Ethnographic Authority , Representations , No. 2. pp. 118 - 146.
5 Geertz , Clifford , 1973 , The interpretation of cultures. New York : Basic Books.
6. Marcus , George E. ; James Clifford , 1985 , The Making of Ethnographic Texts : A Preliminary Report , Current Anthropology , Vol. 26 , No. 2. pp. 267 - 271.
7. Ortner , Sherry B. , 1984 , Theory in Anthropology since the Sixties , Comparative Studies in Society and History Vol. 26 , No. 1. pp. 126 - 166.
8. Ortner , Sherry B. , 1997 , Introduction , Representations No. 59 , Special Issue : The Fate of “Culture”: Geertz and Beyond. pp. 1 - 13.
9. Rabinow , Paul , 1996 , Essays on the Anthropology of Reason , Princeton : Univ. Press.
10. Sperber , Dan , 1985 , Anthropology and Psychology : Towards an Epidemiology of Representations , Man , New Series , Vol. 20 , No. 1. pp. 73 - 89.
11. Tyler , Stephen A. , 1986 , Introduction : On Being out of Words , Cultural Anthropology , Vol. 1 , No. 2. pp. 131 - 137.