前进中的后退：莫里斯的行为主义符号观*
金毅强
摘要:莫里斯的符号观的核心，是将符号过程视为介于一个“载体”和两个“它者”间的联系的行为：“符号载体”指涉“意指”；“符号载体”引起“解释项”。这个符号观的两个“它者”范围太小，不能涵括很多符号现象；“符号载体”和“解释项”间其实并不是简单的引起关系；“意指”和“解释项”也不可能同时存在于符号过程中。莫里斯的符号观，受皮尔斯三元关系符号论和行为主义心理学的不足所限，未能达到预期效果。
关键词：莫里斯，行为主义符号论，意指，解释项，符号载体
Regressing in Advancing: Morris' Behaviorist View of Sign
Jin Yiqiang
Abstract: The kernel of Morris' view of sign is to regard semiosis as an action involving relations between two "vehicle" and two "others": "sign vehicle" refers to "designatum"; "sign vehicle" causes "interpretant". The scope of the two "others" are too narrow for the view of sign to encompass various kinds of signs; the relationship between "sign vehicle" and "interpretant" is not causal by nature; "designatum" and "interpretant" never get both involved in a semiosis. Morris' view of sign, inheriting Peirce's triadic view of sign and behaviorism, fails to meet Moriis' expectation.
Key Words: Morris, behaviorist view of sign, designatum, interpretant, sign vehicle
*本文系2012年浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题“基于符内联系运行机制的符号理论研究”（12JCWW18YB）的研究成果。
